US-Congo Relations and the Critical Minerals Industry

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) seeks collaboration rather than competition in its critical minerals sector. Foreign Minister Thérèse Kayikwamba Wagner expressed the need for multiple partnerships to harness the country’s natural resources successfully.

She said, “I don’t like talking about competition. I like talking about complementarity.” The minister emphasized that a large nation, like the USA or China, cannot rely on a single partner; they require diverse collaborations that provide various expertise.

American governmental initiatives aim to increase access to Congo’s vital minerals, such as copper, cobalt, and lithium. This comes as part of efforts to reduce dependency on China-dominated supply chains. In December 2025, the US and Congo signed a strategic agreement enhancing economic ties and promoting transparent supply chains.

“The global energy transition must not become another extractive transition,” Kayikwamba Wagner warned.

This partnership aligns with a broader framework to resolve ongoing conflicts between the DRC and Rwanda. The framework, signed by US President Donald Trump and leaders from Africa, also targets regional peace.

A collaboration between Congo’s state mining company Gécamines and Mercuria could offer US buyers priority access to some minerals. The US International Development Finance Corporation may take a strategic stake in this venture.

Kayikwamba Wagner acknowledged that cooperation between the US and DRC is evolving based on mutual economic interests. She welcomed deeper American involvement to help transform Congo’s mineral wealth into tangible benefits for its citizens.

However, the DRC’s situation remains complex. Although peace efforts continue, Kayikwamba Wagner said violence persists. She praised the US for imposing sanctions against the Rwanda Defense Force for supporting the M23 rebel group.

The US and Congo continue tackling issues related to natural resources and conflict. Minister Kayikwamba Wagner highlighted the urgency of addressing conflict-related sexual violence in areas under M23 control, affecting both women and men.

Restoring law and order, she argued, is vital for providing justice and medical care to survivors.