Gene Editing Startup Origin Genomics Explores Controversial Techniques

Cathy Tie, the founder and CEO of Origin Genomics, spearheads efforts to test technology for repairing defective genes. This New York City startup is pioneering in the realm of gene editing.

An NPR reporter was given a tour of Origin Genomics, though the exact location is confidential for security reasons. Tie, dressed in a lab coat with her startup’s logo, demonstrated the lab’s cryogenic storage unit. This unit contains liquid nitrogen and stores embryos donated by families affected by genetic disorders.

Tie gently retrieves frozen human embryos carrying mutations that cause genetic diseases. These embryos were donated by couples hoping to have healthy children through gene editing.

Origin Genomics uses stem cells extracted from these embryos to test experimental gene editors. Tie explains the importance of correcting genetic defects to prevent future generations from suffering similar fates.

Currently, using gene-edited embryos to create babies is illegal in the United States due to ethical and safety concerns. Tie advocates reconsidering the benefits of her company’s technology. Many diseases, such as Huntington’s, cystic fibrosis, and hereditary cancers, affect millions globally, raising the need for advanced genome editing.

Testing on Human Cells: Origin Genomics also tests gene editors on other cells with mutations, including induced pluripotent stem cells. Tie shows ongoing work involved in repairing breast cancer mutations. The gene editor’s entry into these cells is confirmed through their fluorescent green appearance.

Concerns persist over risks and ethics in gene editing. Historical issues, like the imprisonment of He Jiankui, a scientist who created genetically modified babies, highlight the potential dangers of new technology.

Progress and Caution: Newer gene-editing techniques, like prime editing and base editing, offer improved accuracy. Some experts advocate for continued research, citing hope in preventing severe genetic diseases.

Despite advancements, critics caution against rushing into gene editing. Robin Lovell-Badge and other experts warn against giving false hope or making irreversible mistakes.

Concerns exist about a dystopian future with designer babies, where genetic enhancement could lead to ethical issues. Katie Hasson expresses fears regarding mass production of genetically engineered humans.

There is skepticism toward companies screening embryos for traits beyond health risks, implying motives of embryo improvement rather than solving genetic problems.

Focused Vision: Tie emphasizes that Origin Genomics is solely focused on helping couples have healthy children, without interest in other genetic alterations.

The potential unregulated gene-editing clinics overseas raise alarm, but Tie insists she operates under transparency and oversight.

Origin Genomics aims to clarify the benefits of gene editing to convince regulatory bodies about lifting bans on related experiments.

Family Perspective: Nicole and Asaf Ezra, a couple affected by familial adenomatous polyposis, contribute three embryos for research. They seek a solution to prevent passing on a risk of colorectal cancer to future children.

Nicole shares her struggles with this genetic condition, emphasizing the potential relief gene editing can bring to families like hers.

The couple invested in Origin Genomics, believing regulated technology can provide safe solutions without unnecessary fear.

Despite existing ethical concerns, people affected by genetic disorders hope for regulated advancements to improve quality of life for future generations.