The Role of Bibles for American Service Members in Times of War

The Museum of the Bible features an exhibit called ‘Bible in Times of War,’ showcasing how American service members have relied on Scripture throughout history. Since the Declaration of Independence was signed 250 years ago, these artifacts highlight how troops have found strength and hope in the Bible during conflicts. This exhibit contains items like the ‘Heart Shield Bibles’ and other personal testimonies.

Wesley Viner, an early modern curator, Marine veteran, and coordinator of the exhibit, emphasizes that many stories within are about ordinary individuals rather than famous generals. Notably, these pocket-sized Bibles, with thin metal covers, were popular in World War II and the Korean War. Relatives often bought them for departing soldiers, believing they offered protection.

Despite tales suggesting these metal-covered Bibles could stop bullets, Viner believes these stories are exaggerated. While unlikely to stop high-speed ammunition, they symbolized protection and strength for the families and soldiers.

“It was a source of protection. It was a source of strength,” Viner explained, noting the shield’s symbolic nature.

Many Bibles bore personal messages from loved ones. Phrases like, “May God keep you safe,” written inside, conveyed heartfelt wishes of well-being. These messages, often anonymous, added profound authenticity to the Bibles’ history.

An earlier example is the case of John Weissenheimer, a Union soldier whose Bible helped historians piece together parts of his life. He served in the 107th Ohio Volunteer Infantry and later in the Invalid Corps. His tattered Bible offers insights into his experiences, preserving his otherwise forgotten name in history.

The exhibit also includes a Bible gifted by Navy chaplain Peter Boal in the 1950s during Operation Deep Freeze in Antarctica. Although the recipient was identified only as ‘Bill,’ it shows how the Bible provided comfort even in remote locations.

One of the oldest Bibles on display dates back to 1776, printed by Christoph Sauer. Known as the ‘Gun-Wad Bible,’ it has tales of misuse by British or American forces, though Viner claims these are likely incorrect. These stories highlight the respect and symbolism the Bible held during that era.

Viner notes that as smaller, more robust Bibles became available, many included handwritten notes or records. For example, a World War I soldier documented his journey across Europe in his Bible.

The ‘Bible in Times of War’ exhibition, part of the Bible in America collection, reminds us that throughout history, service members have often turned to Scripture for strength, courage, and hope amid war’s challenges.