Tai Chi: A Traditional Practice Thriving in Modern China

In the heart of Beijing’s Temple of Heaven, hundreds gather daily to practice tai chi, a tradition over 300 years old that remains significant in China. The serene environment and fresh air make it a popular spot for enthusiasts.

Ye Guirong, age 64, appreciates the green surroundings. Most practitioners are retirees in their sixties and older. Some practice in groups with music, while others move silently alone.

Ye encountered tai chi in 2010. After retiring, she discovered a group she would later lead. ‘I thought it looked beneficial, so I began practicing,’ she shared.

Learning Tai Chi

Newcomers to a group learn basic moves from the leader. Progress is reviewed and corrected until new skills are mastered. Basic movements include ‘White Crane Spreads Its Wings’ and ‘Part the Wild Horse’s Mane.’

Ye’s group, Cypress Grove, has 30 members and continuously attracts new practitioners. Zu Hong, age 59, completed a 24-movement routine in about a month, ready to learn more.

‘I found tai chi beautiful and sought exercise, so I came to the Temple of Heaven,’ Zu said.

Historical Significance

Founded in the 15th century, the Temple of Heaven symbolizes the connection between heaven and earth. Its Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests was a ceremonial site for emperors mediating between humans and heaven. Now a tourist site, its gardens are open to the public.

Philosophical Roots

In China, tai chi refers to both the martial art, Taijiquan, and the philosophy, Taiji. A key concept is qi, vital energy considered the life breath. Health depends on qi circulating through pathways called meridians, which connect the body’s organs and limbs. Traditional treatments aim to regulate this flow.

‘Tai chi and qigong activate, regulate, or improve qi’s flow,’ stated James Miller, a professor at Duke Kunshan University. ‘This aligns with Daoism and broader Chinese views on the body and world.’

Beyond humans, qi exists in nature. Mountains and rivers are animated by its flow. ‘That’s why temples are traditionally on mountains,’ Miller explained. ‘They’re valued for their natural connection.’

Continuing Tradition

Various tai chi styles exist, each with unique forms. Ye’s group meets at 7:40 a.m. to practice Yang-style. Their routines last around 90 minutes, including 24, 42, or 48 movements and weapon forms like swords or fans.

‘Everyone’s health and spirits have improved through practice,’ said Ye.

Chen-style, the oldest form, dates to the 17th century. Created by Chen Wangting, a former military leader turned spiritual practitioner, it combines meditation and movement.

‘Chen Wangting experienced enlightenment when his meridians opened,’ noted Tai Chi master Chen Haitao. ‘He sought to share that sensation through movement.’

Tai chi’s martial techniques and philosophy complement each other, providing both method and meaning. ‘Taijiquan benefits everyone,’ Chen Haitao emphasized. ‘Correct principles and alignment lead to personal gain.’