Challenges and Solutions in Addressing Homelessness

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June 10, 2026
National Politics Politics

A sign for the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) stands outside the agency’s headquarters in Washington. This image has come to symbolize the ongoing challenges and discussions surrounding homelessness and housing policies.

Having spent over 20 years working in Housing First and co-authoring a book on its impact on federal policy, I have closely observed the escalation of homelessness. The estimates produced by HUD, used to gauge the effectiveness of Housing First, highlight the growing crisis. However, HUD Secretary Scott Turner’s recent op-ed doesn’t capture the full picture.

While stable housing is essential, access to mental health services, substance use treatment, and support systems is equally important. The lack of affordable housing in the U.S. further exacerbates this issue. HUD reports show that less than one in four eligible households receive federal housing assistance, with over six million Americans waiting for rental aid.

In 1979, Congress funded the construction of 55,000 new public housing units. By 1984, this number dropped to zero. Federal housing assistance’s share of the total federal budget decreased from 2.2% in 1980 to 0.8% now. These shifts result from longstanding political decisions, not just service model inefficiencies.

A comprehensive strategy for homelessness must address housing supply issues. Serious mental illness and addiction need clinical care, not merely a policy overhaul. Coordination between HUD and agencies like CMS and SAMHSA is crucial. An example of successful collaboration is HUD’s work with the Department of Veterans Affairs, leading to a 56% reduction in veteran homelessness since 2010. Research confirms each housing voucher under this partnership reduces veteran homelessness by one.

Faith-based organizations have traditionally played a role in providing community support and accountability. Effective programs today integrate faith communities, healthcare providers, and housing solutions for individuals in need. Expanding these partnerships should be part of a broader strategy, not a replacement for consistent housing support.

The upcoming 2026 Continuum of Care Program’s emphasis on transitional housing and treatment compliance reflects a shift. Yet, studies from the U.S. and Canada show better outcomes under Housing First compared to these methods. A change in policy should involve substantial public discourse and examination of research.

The goal remains to enable individuals to recover, live independently, and rebuild their lives. Evidence supports a well-funded Housing First model, complemented by essential clinical and social services and ongoing federal investment in affordable housing.

Benjamin Henwood, Ph.D., is a professor at the USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, director of the Homelessness Policy Research Institute, and co-author of “Housing First: Ending Homelessness, Transforming Systems and Changing Lives.” He has led the Greater Los Angeles Homeless Count since 2017.