Recognizing Depression in Children: Warning Signs for Parents

Many parents believe they would easily identify if their child is depressed, assuming sadness is the main sign. However, according to Dr. Carolyn Spiro, a clinical psychologist specializing in child and adolescent mental health, depression in children and teens often looks different from depression in adults.

Differing Symptoms in Children

Dr. Spiro mentioned that depression in young people might not primarily manifest as sadness. She emphasized that significant changes in mood or behavior could be key indicators. Parents might notice that their usually easy-going child becomes excessively cranky, oppositional, or tearful, reacting in an exaggerated manner to daily situations.

Dr. Spiro has experience as a clinical assistant professor at the NYU Child Study Center and currently runs a private practice in New York. She outlined several warning signs for parents:

• Withdrawing from friends or isolating themselves.
• Losing interest in previously enjoyable activities, like riding a bike or drawing.
• Moving or speaking more slowly than usual.
• Feeling very tired or without energy.
• Experiencing poor sleep or much more sleep than normal.
• Altered eating habits, either significantly more or less than usual.
• Difficulty concentrating or reduced motivation, especially in school.
• Decline in academic performance.
• Using alcohol or drugs as a form of coping, particularly in older children and teens.

When to Seek Professional Help

Spiro stressed that while mood swings can occur in children and teens, the persistence and impact of symptoms is critical. A depression diagnosis requires symptoms to last at least two weeks, yet parents don’t need to hesitate to consult professionals if they have concerns.

Parents should seek help if the symptoms cause significant distress to the child or family, interfere with school, friendships, or daily life, or if the child conveys feelings of hopelessness or suicidal thoughts.

Early intervention is crucial and can significantly influence treatment outcomes for a child struggling with depression.