Traditionalist Catholic Group Defies Pope with Bishop Consecrations
A splinter group of traditionalist Catholics, known as the Society of St. Pius X (SSPX), openly challenged Pope Leo XIV by consecrating four bishops without his consent. This move was characterized as a ‘sacred duty’ to protect the Catholic faith, dismissing the resulting excommunications and schism.
The SSPX opposes modern reforms within the Catholic Church. Despite Pope Leo’s plea to halt the ceremony, the group held a ritual-filled event at its seminary in Econe, Switzerland. The Pope warned in a preceding letter that such consecrations, done without papal approval, constitute a ‘sin of extreme gravity’ harmful to the faith.
The ceremony unfolded in the Alpine valley, as hundreds of priests walked in pairs to the altar under a tent. Thousands attended, preferring the traditional Latin Mass. The event was broadcast live on YouTube with translations, showcasing the society’s international influence.
Pope Leo seeks to maintain church unity and reconcile with traditionalists amid tensions that intensified during Pope Francis’ pontificate. With the SSPX representing a pre-Vatican II church, its expanded clergy includes six bishops, 751 priests, 264 seminarians, among others, from 50 nationalities.
A statement during the Mass justified the consecrations as a necessary ‘sacred duty,’ dismissing penalties. Bishop Alfonso de Galarreta, whose own consecration lacked papal consent in 1988, led the rite, highlighting the SSPX’s defiance of church unity laws.
Consecrating a bishop without papal mandate results in automatic excommunication and is a schismatic act, creating a division within the Catholic Church.
The SSPX was founded by French Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre in opposition to the Second Vatican Council’s reforms, which changed the church’s engagement with other faiths and allowed vernacular Mass.
Thirty-eight years ago on the same day, Lefebvre conducted similar unauthorized consecrations, leading to excommunications that Pope Benedict XVI lifted in 2009. However, the SSPX lacks legal standing within the church.
The SSPX accuses the modern church of heresies such as modernism and liberalism, asserting its stance as upholding the true faith. It defends the consecrations citing a ‘state of necessity.’ The newly consecrated bishops include Pascal Schreiber, Michael Goldade, Michel Poinsinet de Sivry, and Marc Hanappier.
In his homily, SSPX superior Rev. Davide Pagliarani argued that the consecrations are vital for soul salvation and assist Pope Leo by preventing his humiliation alongside ‘false shepherds.’ Despite the Vatican’s silence, the ceremony was celebratory, with participants receiving memorabilia like the ‘Econe2026’ seal caps and commemorative wine sets.
Among the faithful, 71-year-old Arlina Onglao from Manila stated that Vatican credibility matters little to her, while medical researcher Wulfran Lindzondzo of France credited the SSPX for returning to tradition. Within the society, neither a schism nor excommunication induces fear, according to SSPX media manager Marc-André Mabillard.
Despite the SSPX’s stance, many Catholics, including conservatives, criticize the consecrations as disobedience to papal authority, harming the church. Ethics expert Rev. Robert Gahl emphasized that serving tradition requires adherence to church authority.